Advances in water sealing mechanisms and technologies for underground oil storage caverns
Abstract
Deep underground energy storage is crucial for efficient energy utilization, strategic petroleum reserves, and overall energy security. This paper provides a systematic review of the theoretical and technological advances in water sealing control for underground oil storage caverns, drawing on extensive literature and field practice. The discussion focuses on sealing effectiveness criteria and seepage analysis, with particular emphasis on the water curtain system as the core mechanism for maintaining hydraulic integrity. Numerical simulations and long-term field monitoring are highlighted as key tools for evaluating seepage behaviour and guiding design and operation. Water sealing control mainly targets concentrated seepage zones and water pressure failure areas through water plugging and targeted recharge. Typical engineering measures include optimizing water curtain parameters, implementing precise grouting to reduce seepage in storage zones, and reinforcing the surrounding rock with anti-seepage supports. The ultimate objective is to minimise water loss while ensuring a stable and reliable hydraulic seal. In addition, the review analyses the role of hydraulic gradients in controlling sealing performance and outlines future research priorities aimed at enhancing the long-term reliability, safety, and economic efficiency of water sealing technologies for underground oil storage caverns.
Document Type: Review
Cited as: Su, X., Zou, J., Chang, J. Advances in water sealing mechanisms and technologies for underground oil storage caverns. Sustainable Earth Resources Communications, 2025, 1(2): 40-52.
https://doi.org/10.46690/serc.2025.02.03
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46690/serc.2025.02.03Keywords:
Water sealing cavern, water sealing theory, air tightness criterion, water sealing controlReferences
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